Date of Award

4-1991

Degree Name

Bachelor of Science

Department

Paper Science and Engineering

First Advisor

Dr. Richard Hartman

Abstract

Introduction

It is an old papermaker's adage that paper is made in the beater. This means that the performance and the physical properties of the paper are determined by the type and the extent of the mechanical action to which the fibers are subjected before they are joined to form paper. The terms used to describe the function of refining; free beaten, wet beaten, et al are all traditionally vague, by reason of the complicated structure of the fibers and the even more complicated changes these fibers undergo during the refining process.

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