Author

Jun Xu

Date of Award

8-1999

Degree Name

Master of Science

Department

Biological Sciences

First Advisor

Dr. Susan R. Stapleton

Second Advisor

Dr. David Reinhold

Third Advisor

Dr. Alexander J. Enyedi

Access Setting

Masters Thesis-Open Access

Abstract

Studies were put forth to test whether or not reactive oxygen species, which are influenced by the cellular level of reduced glutathione, mediate the toxicity of cadmium. Cadmium has been a focal point in the health care community in the past few years because it has been shown to induce the development of tumors, interfere with cellular signaling, and cause damage to organs, tissues, and biomolecules. Although various studies and theories have been proposed, little direct evidence, especially from studies utilizing primary cells in culture, has accumulated to show the mechanism by which the cadmium induced toxicity occurs.

Our studies show that cadmium decreases the level of glutathione in primary rat hepatocytes in a time and concentration dependent manner. In the presence of cadmium, increases in the cytotoxic parameters, lactate dehydrogenase leakage and lipid peroxidation, were observed indicating the presence of oxidative stress. Interestingly, the decrease in the level of cellular glutathione occurred at a time point prior to the observation of cadmium cytotoxicity. Furthermore, the induction of the cytotoxic parameters by cadmium was significantly blocked by various antioxidants. These results suggest that reactive oxygen species, which are generated by depleting cellular glutathione, may play an important role in various cellular events induced by cadmium.

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Biology Commons

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