Philosophy Faculty Books

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  Emotion

  Charlie Kurth

  Emotions have long been of interest to philosophers and have deep historical roots going back to the Ancients. They have also become one of the most exciting areas of current research in philosophy, the cognitive sciences, and beyond. In this book, Charlie Kurth explains the philosophy of the emotions, structuring the book around seven fundamental questions: What are emotions? Are emotions natural kinds? Do animals have emotions? Are emotions epistemically valuable? Are emotions the foundation for value and morality? Are emotions the basis for responsibility? Do emotions make us better people? In the course of exploring these questions, he also discusses cutting-edge empirical research on emotion, feminist approaches to emotions and their value, and methodological questions on how to theorize about the emotions. The book also contains in-depth discussions of specific emotions like compassion, disgust, anxiety, and curiosity. It also highlights emerging trends in emotion research. Including suggestions for further reading and a glossary of key terms, Emotion is ideal for those studying and researching the philosophy of emotion as well as ethics, epistemology, and the philosophies of mind and psychology.

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  Everyday Greed: Analysis and Appraisal

  Michael Pritchard and Elaine E. Englehardt

  This collection examines how greed should be understood and appraised. Roundly condemned by virtually all religions, greed receives mixed appraisals in the domains of business and economics. The volume examines these mixed appraisals and how they fare in light of their implications for greed in our everyday world. Greed in children is uniformly criticized by parents, other adults, and even children's peers. However, in adulthood, greed is commended by some as essential to profit-seeking in business and for offering the greatest promise in promoting economic prosperity for everyone. Those who advocate a more permissive position on greed in the adult world typically concede that some constraints on greed are needed. However, the supporting literature offers little analysis of what greed is (as distinct from, for example, the effort to meet modest needs, or the pursuit of ordinary self-interested ends). It offers little clarification of what sorts of constraints on greed are needed. Nor is careful attention given to difficulties children might have in making a transition without moral loss from regarding greed as inappropriate to its later qualified acceptance. Through a secular approach, this book attempts to make significant inroads in remedying these shortcomings.

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  Ethics and Error in Medicine

  Fritz Allhoff and Sandra L. Borden

  This book is a collection of original, interdisciplinary essays on the topic of medical error. Given the complexities of understanding, preventing, and responding to medical error in ethically responsible ways, the scope of the book is fairly broad. The contributors include top scholars and practitioners working in bioethics, communication, law, medicine and philosophy. Their contributions examine preventable causes of medical error, disproportionate impacts of errors on vulnerable populations, disclosure and apology after discovering medical errors, and ethical issues arising in specific medical contexts, such as radiation oncology, psychopathy, and palliative care. They also offer practical recommendations for respecting autonomy, distributing burdens and benefits justly, and minimizing injury to patients and other stakeholders. Ethics and Error in Medicine will be of interest to a wide range of researchers, students, and practitioners in bioethics, philosophy, communication studies, law, and medicine who are interested in the ethics of medical error.

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  Business Cases in Ethical Focus

  Fritz H. Allhoff

  Business Cases in Ethical Focus is a new collection of in-depth case studies from around the world, covering all major areas of business ethics. Cases address a broad range of topics such as the ethics of entrepreneurship and finance, the challenges that diversity raises for business, and whistleblowing. The cases are provocative yet complex, conveying the difficulty of moral dilemmas and the potential for reasonable disagreement.

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  Against Knowledge Closure

  Marc Alspector-Kelly

  Knowledge closure is the claim that, if an agent S knows P, recognizes that P implies Q, and believes Q because it is implied by P, then S knows Q. Closure is a pivotal epistemological principle that is widely endorsed by contemporary epistemologists. Against Knowledge Closure is the first book-length treatment of the issue and the most sustained argument for closure failure to date. Unlike most prior arguments for closure failure, Marc Alspector-Kelly's critique of closure does not presuppose any particular epistemological theory; his argument is, instead, intuitively compelling and applicable to a wide variety of epistemological views. His discussion ranges over much of the epistemological landscape, including skepticism, warrant, transmission and transmission failure, fallibilism, sensitivity, safety, evidentialism, reliabilism, contextualism, entitlement, circularity and bootstrapping, justification, and justification closure. As a result, the volume will be of interest to any epistemologist or student of epistemology and related subjects.

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  An Archaeology of Disbelief

  Edward Jayne

  An Archaeology of Disbelief traces the origin of secular philosophy to pre-Socratic Greek philosophers who proposed a physical universe without supernatural intervention. Some mentioned the Homeric gods, but others did not. Atomists and Sophists identified themselves as agnostics if not outright atheists, and in reaction Plato featured transcendent spiritual authority. However, Aristotle offered a physical cosmology justified by evidence from a variety of scientific fields. He also revisited many pre-Socratic assumptions by proposing that existence consists of mass in motion without temporal or spatial boundaries. In many ways his analysis anticipated Newton’s concept of gravity, Darwin’s concept of evolution, and Einstein’s concept of relativity. Aristotle’s follower Strato invented scientific experimentation. He also inspired the pursuit of science and advocated the rejection of all beliefs unconfirmed by science. Carneades in turn distorted Aristotelian logic to ridicule the god concept, and Lucretius proposed a grand secular cosmology in his epic De Rerum Natura. In the two dialogues, Academica and De Natura Deorum, Cicero provided a useful retrospective assessment of this entire movement. The Roman Empire and advent of Christianity effectively terminated Greek philosophy except for Platonism reinvented as stoicism. Widespread destruction of libraries eliminated most early secular texts, and the Inquisition played a major role in preventing secular inquiry. Aquinas later justified Aristotle in light of Christian doctrine, and secularism’s revival was postponed until the seventeenth century’s paradoxical reaction against his interpretation of Aristotle. Today it nevertheless remains possible to trace western civilization’s remarkable secular achievement to its initial breakthrough in ancient Greece. The purpose of this book is accordingly to trace the origin and development of its secular thought through close examination of texts that still exist today in light of Aristotle’s writings.

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  Business in Ethical Focus

  , Alex Sagar, and Anand J. Vaidya

  Business in Ethical Focus is a compilation of classical and contemporary essays and case studies in business ethics. Readers will become acquainted with seminal ideas on corporate social responsibility and the place of business in a just society. Other topics include diversity in the workplace, sexual harassment, workplace rights, environmental responsibility and sustainability, global business, intellectual property, bribery, and ethical issues in advertising and marketing. This second edition adds a dozen original case studies, as well as new sections on global perspectives (with articles on Islamic, Confucian, and Buddhist business ethics), entrepreneurship, and the non-profit sector. Background material on ethical theory and the nature of business ethics is included to orient readers new to this field.

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  Binary Bullets

  Fritz Allhoff, Adam Henschke, and Bradley Jay Strawser

  Philosophical and ethical discussions of warfare are often tied to emerging technologies and techniques. Today we are presented with what many believe is a radical shift in the nature of war-the realization of conflict in the cyber-realm, the so-called "fifth domain" of warfare. Does an aggressive act in the cyber-realm constitute an act of war? If so, what rules should govern such warfare? Are the standard theories of just war capable of analyzing and assessing this mode of conflict? These changing circumstances present us with a series of questions demanding serious attention. Is there such a thing as cyberwarfare? How do the existing rules of engagement and theories from the just war tradition apply to cyberwarfare? How should we assess a cyber-attack conducted by a state agency against private enterprise and vice versa? Furthermore, how should actors behave in the cyber-realm? Are there ethical norms that can be applied to the cyber-realm? Are the classic just war constraints of non-combatant immunity and proportionality possible in this realm? Especially given the idea that events that are constrained within the cyber-realm do not directly physically harm anyone, what do traditional ethics of war conventions say about this new space? These questions strike at the very center of contemporary intellectual discussion over the ethics of war.

  In twelve original essays, plus a foreword from John Arquilla and an introduction, Binary Bullets: The Ethics of Cyberwarfare, engages these questions head on with contributions from the top scholars working in this field today.

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  The Affordable Care Act Decision: Philosophical and Legal Implications

  Fritz Allhoff and Mark Hall

  Interest in NFIB v. Sebelius has been extraordinarily high, from as soon as the legislation was passed, through lower court rulings, the Supreme Court's grant of certiorari, and the decision itself, both for its substantive holdings and the purported behind-the-scene dynamics. Legal blogs exploded with analysis, bioethicists opined on our collective responsibilities, and philosophers tackled concepts like 'coercion' and the activity/inactivity distinction. This volume aims to bring together scholars from disparate fields to analyze various features of the decision. It comprises over twenty essays from a range of academic disciplines, namely law, philosophy, and political science. Essays are divided into five units: context and history, analyzing the opinions, individual liberty, Medicaid, and future implications.

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  Routledge Handbook of Ethics and War: Just War Theory in the 21st Century

  Fritz Allhoff, Nicholas G. Evans, and Adam Henschke

  This new Handbook offers a comprehensive overview of contemporary extensions and alternatives to the just war tradition in the field of the ethics of war.

  The modern history of just war has typically assumed the primacy of four particular elements: jus ad bellum, jus in bello, the state actor, and the solider. This book will put these four elements under close scrutiny, and will explore how they fare given the following challenges:

  • What role do the traditional elements of jus ad bellumand jus in bello—and the constituent principles that follow from this distinction—play in modern warfare? Do they adequately account for a normative theory of war?

  • What is the role of the state in warfare? Is it or should it be the primary actor in just war theory?

  • Can a just war be understood simply as a response to territorial aggression between state actors, or should other actions be accommodated under legitimate recourse to armed conflict?

  • Is the idea of combatant qua state-employed soldier a valid ethical characterization of actors in modern warfare?

  • What role does the technological backdrop of modern warfare play in understanding and realizing just war theories? Over the course of three key sections, the contributors examine these challenges to the just war tradition in a way that invigorates existing discussions and generates new debate on topical and prospective issues in just war theory.

  This book will be of great interest to students of just war theory, war and ethics, peace and conflict studies, philosophy and security studies.

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  Philosophy: Traditional and Experimental Readings

  Fritz Allhoff, Ron Mallon, and Shaun Nichols

  Recently, the fields of empirical and experimental philosophy have generated tremendous excitement, due to unexpected results that have challenged philosophical dogma. Responding to this trend, Philosophy: Traditional and Experimental Readings is the first introductory philosophy reader to integrate cutting-edge work in empirical and experimental philosophy with traditional philosophy.

  Featuring coverage that is equal parts historical, contemporary, and empirical/experimental, this topically organized reader provides students with a unique introduction to both the core and the vanguard of philosophy. The text is enhanced by pedagogical tools including commentary on each reading and chapter, study questions, suggested further readings, and a glossary. An Instructor's Manual and Companion Website at www.oup.com/us/allhoff provide additional resources.

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  Obstacles to Ethical Decision-Making: Mental Models, Milgram and the Problem of Obedience

  Patricia H. Werhane, Laura Pincus Hartman, Crina Archer, Elaine E. Englehardt, and Michael Pritchard

  In commerce, many moral failures are due to narrow mindsets that preclude taking into account the moral dimensions of a decision or action. In turn, sometimes these mindsets are caused by failing to question managerial decisions from a moral point of view, because of a perceived authority of management. In the 1960s, Stanley Milgram conducted controversial experiments to investigate just how far obedience to an authority figure could subvert his subjects' moral beliefs. In this thought-provoking work, the authors examine the prevalence of narrow mental models and the phenomenon of obedience to an authority to analyse and understand the challenges which business professionals encounter in making ethical decisions. Obstacles to Ethical Decision-Making proposes processes – including collaborative input and critique – by which individuals may reduce or overcome these challenges. It provides decision-makers at all levels in an organisation with the means to place ethical considerations at the heart of managerial decision-making.

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  Terrorism, Ticking Time-Bombs, and Torture : A Philosophical Analysis

  Fritz Allhoff

  The general consensus among philosophers is that the use of torture is never justified. InTerrorism, Ticking Time-Bombs, and Torture, Fritz Allhoff demonstrates the weakness of the case against torture; while allowing that torture constitutes a moral wrong, he nevertheless argues that, in exceptional cases, it represents the lesser of two evils. Allhoff does not take this position lightly. He begins by examining the way terrorism challenges traditional norms, discussing the morality of various practices of torture, and critically exploring the infamous ticking time-bomb scenario. After carefully considering these issues from a purely philosophical perspective, he turns to the empirical ramifications of his arguments, addressing criticisms of torture and analyzing the impact its adoption could have on democracy, institutional structures, and foreign policy. The crucial questions of how to justly authorize torture and how to set limits on its use make up the final section of this timely, provocative, and carefully argued book.

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  Philosophies of the Sciences: A Guide

  Fritz Allhoff

  A collection of essays celebrate a wide range of sciences and the central philosophical issues associated with them, presenting the sciences collectively to encourage a greater understanding of their associative theoretical foundations, and a cross-fertilization of ideas. Offers a new and unique approach to studying and comparing the philosophies of various scientific disciplines, including Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Psychology, Sociology and Economics Encompasses a wide variety of individual sciences. The essays are written by leading scholars in a highly accessible style for the student audience Presents and discusses central debates in the field, making it a highly relevant text Essays complement more traditional studies of Philosophy of Science, while offering a new approach to the study of the subject.

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  Whiskey and Philosophy: A Small Batch of Spirited Ideas

  Fritz Allhoff and Marcus P. Adams

  Thoughtful essays on the history, significance, and pleasures of whiskey

  Everyone becomes a philosopher with a drink in hand, but Whiskey & Philosophy takes this natural pairing to a new level. It explores a range of philosophical topics related to whiskey through engaging reflections written by philosophers, whiskey writers, and others.

  You will learn things that are both practical (how do tasting notes vary across guides and whiskey brands?) and thought provoking (why is there the popular conception that drinking whiskey makes people mean, and is it true?). Whether your interest lies in the drink itself or in the philosophical issues surrounding it, you'll find something to interest you in this unusual book.

  • Covers subjects ranging from geographical origin to stylistic differences between whiskey and Scotch
  • Explores philosophical ideas such as the aesthetics, metaphysics, epistemology, and ethics of whiskey and whiskey drinking
  • Includes contributions from academics, journalists, and whiskey specialists, all written in an engaging and accessible style

  Whether you prefer your whiskey neat or in a Manhattan, from the United States, Scotland, or elsewhere, Whiskey & Philosophy is your perfect drinking companion.

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  What Is Nanotechnology and Why Does It Matter: From Science to Ethics

  Fritz Allhoff, Patrick Lin, and Daniel Moore

  Ongoing research in nanotechnology promises both innovations and risks, potentially and profoundly changing the world. This book helps to promote a balanced understanding of this important emerging technology, offering an informed and impartial look at the technology, its science, and its social impact and ethics.

  • Nanotechnology is crucial for the next generation of industries, financial markets, research labs, and our everyday lives; this book provides an informed and balanced look at nanotechnology and its social impact
  • Offers a comprehensive background discussion on nanotechnology itself, including its history, its science, and its tools, creating a clear understanding of the technology needed to evaluate ethics and social issues
  • Authored by a nanoscientist and philosophers, offers an accurate and accessible look at the science while providing an ideal text for ethics and philosophy courses
  • Explores the most immediate and urgent areas of social impact of nanotechnology

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  Taking Sides: Clashing Views in Business Ethics and Society

  Lisa H. Newton, Elaine E. Englehardt, and Michael Pritchard

  The Taking Sides Collection on McGraw-Hill Create™ includes current controversial issues in a debate-style format designed to stimulate student interest and develop critical thinking skills. This Collection contains a multitude of current and classic issues to enhance and customize your course. You can browse the entire Taking Sides Collection on Create, or you can search by topic, author, or keywords. Each Taking Sides issues is thoughtfully framed with Learning Outcomes, an Issue Summary, an Introduction, and an Exploring the Issuesection featuring Critical Thinking and Reflection, Is There Common Ground?, and Additional Resources andInternet References. Go to McGraw-Hill Create™ at www.mcgrawhillcreate.com, click on the "Collections" tab, and select The Taking Sides Collection to browse the entire Collection. Select individual Taking Sides issues to enhance your course, or access and select the entire Newton et al.: Taking Sides: Clashing Views in Business Ethics and Society, 13/e ExpressBook for an easy, pre-built teaching resource by clicking here. An online Instructor's Resource Guide with testing material is available for each Taking Sides volume. Using Taking Sides in the Classroom is also an excellent instructor resource. Visit the Create Central Online Learning Center at www.mhhe.com/createcentral for more details.

  *description from amazon.com

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  The Ethical Challenges of Academic Administration

  Elaine Englehardt, Michael Pritchard, Kerry Romesburg, and Brian Schrag

  This book is an invitation to academic administrators, at every level, to engage in reflection on the ethical dimensions of their working lives. Academics are very good at reflecting on the ethical issues in other professions but not so interested in reflecting on those in their own, including those faced by faculty and administrators. Yet it is a topic of great importance. Academic institutions are value-driven; hence virtually every decision made by an academic administrator has an ethical component with implications for students, faculty, the institution, and the broader community. Despite this, they receive little systematic preparation for this aspect of their professional lives when they take up administrative posts, especially when compared to, say, medical or legal training.

  Surprisingly little has been written about the ethical challenges that academic administrators are likely to face. Most of the literature relating to academic administration focuses on “leadership” and draws heavily on management and social science theory. The importance of focusing on ethical deliberation and decision-making often goes unrecognized.

  *description from amazon.com

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  The Philosophy of Science: An Historical Anthology

  Timothy J. McGrew, Marc Alspector-Kelly, and Fritz Allhoff

  Philosophers of science ask various questions regarding the structures and aims of scientific reasoning, whether as practiced or as they should be. Despite the status that these inquiries realized in the 20th century, they have long traditions. Scientists since antiquity have investigated, not just the natural order that is their primary subject matter, but also the nature of scientific inquiry itself. Philosophy of Science: An Historical Anthology represents primary source material from throughout this tradition, as well as extensive commentary reflecting upon those materials. By combining excerpts from key historical writings with insightful running commentary by experts, this distinctive new volume points out the common strands running through some 2,500 years of scientific and philosophical debate. Beginning with the Ancient Greeks, Part 1 begins by examining the roots of ancient and medieval philosophy of science before proceeding to the Scientific Revolution, with extensive coverage of scientists like Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, and Newton as well as classic modern philosophers like Descartes, Hume, and Kant. Part 1 concludes with a generous survey of 19th and early 20th century philosophers and scientists such as Herschel, Lyell, Darwin, Peirce and Einstein. Part 2 covers the 20th-century philosophy of science, first laying out the foundations of logical positivism and the emergence of the "received view" and then tracing challenges to the received view and the impact of that downfall on issues in contemporary philosophy of science, such as confirmation and observation, methodology, and realism. Unmatched in breadth and depth, and offering extensive and accessible commentary, Philosophy of Science: An Historical Anthology is a comprehensive work that will take the reader on a grand tour of the philosophy of science from antiquity to the modern age.

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  Engineering Ethics: Concepts and Cases

  Michael S. Pritchard, Charles E. Harris, and Michael J. Rabins

  Extend your analytical skills to moral deliberation with this best-selling engineering ethics text. ENGINEERING ETHICS: CONCEPTS AND CASES, 4E bridges the gap between theory and practice with more than 200 current case studies available in the text and on the companion website, including current and controversial topics, such as Hurricane Katrina and global warming. This edition introduces you to a proven, structured methodology for analyzing cases, as well as examples of cases that already have been analyzed, to ensure you can practice ethical engineering yourself. The text also discusses Engineering Codes of Ethics. You'll learn the importance of critical moral reasoning as the book demonstrates how many apparent moral disagreements are actually disagreements about the facts or the definitions of crucial terms. Significant topics, such as the ethical theory and the consequences of whistle-blowing, are now covered in greater depth. A handy, alphabetized list of cases allows you to quickly find specific cases, while a convenient bibliography provides sources for completing papers or additional reading. With this edition's comprehensive coverage, you quickly see, first-hand, the importance of your conduct as a professional and how your actions can affect the health, safety, and welfare of the public.

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  Wine and Philosophy: A Symposium on Thinking and Drinking

  Fritz Allhoff

  In Wine & Philosophy, philosophers, wine critics, and winemakers share their passion for wine through well-crafted essays that explore wine's deeper meaning, nature, and significance

  • Joins Food & Philosophy and Beer & Philosophy in in the "Epicurean Trilogy
  • Essays are organized thematically and written by philosophers, wine writers, and winemakers
  • Chapters include, "The Art & Culture of Wine"; "Tasting & Talking about Wine"; "Wine & Its Critics"; "The Beauty of Wine"; "The Metaphysics of Wine"; and "The Politics & Economics of Wine"
  • Accessible to a general audience while at the same time covering some serious philosophical ground
  • Incorporates traditional areas of philosophical study, including philosophy of language, philosophy of perception, aesthetics, metaphysics, ethics and political philosophy
  • A great complimentary text to any guided-tour visit to the Napa Valley or other wineries

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  Business in Ethical Focus: An Anthology

  Fritz Allhoff and Anand J. Vaidya

  Business in Ethical Focus is a compilation of classical and contemporary essays on business ethics. Approximately 50 essays are organized into five units: Corporate Social Responsibility; Rights and Obligations of Employees and Employers; Justice and Fair Practice; Distributive Justice; and Advertising, Marketing, and the Consumer.Readers will become acquainted with seminal ideas from important thinkers such as Milton Friedman on corporate social responsibility and Amartya Sen on whether business ethics makes economic sense. They will also find classic readings on distributive justice by Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Karl Marx, John Rawls, and Robert Nozick. Other topics include drug testing, sexual harassment, environmental responsibility, bribery, and ethical issues in advertising and marketing.The editors provide thoughtful commentary, case studies, and study questions for each unit, enabling readers to clearly understand the growing discipline of business ethics.

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  Professions in Ethical Focus: An Anthology

  Fritz Allhoff and Anand J. Vaidya

  Professions in Ethical Focus assembles over 40 seminal and new essays in five units, each dedicated to a specific profession. “Ethics in Accounting and Finance” explores recent corporate scandals and insider trading. “Engineering Ethics” examines the dilemmas that engineers often face. The essays in “Journalistic Ethics” consider journalists’ ethical responsibilities, the role of objectivity, and the place of privacy in reporting. The professional responsibilities of lawyers, including the lawyer-client relationship and the duty (if any) to represent repugnant clients in an adversarial system, receive extended treatment in “Legal Ethics.” Finally, “Medical Ethics” explores the doctor-patient relationship, trust and confidentiality, informed consent, and other central topics for health professionals.

  The editors provide thoughtful introductions, case studies, and study questions for each unit, providing readers with a clear guide to the central issues in professional ethics.

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  Einstein, Relativity and Absolute Simultaneity

  William Lane Craig and Quentin Smith

  Einstein, Relativity and Absolute Simultaneity is an anthology of original essays by an international team of leading philosophers and physicists who, on the centenary of Albert Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity, come together in this volume to reassess the contemporary paradigm of the relativistic concept of time. A great deal has changed since 1905 when Einstein proposed his Special Theory of Relativity, and this book offers a fresh reassessment of Special Relativity's relativistic concept of time in terms of epistemology, metaphysics and physics. There is no other book like this available; hence philosophers and scientists across the world will welcome its publication.

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  Epistemology: New Essays

  Quentin Smith

  This volume offers a view of the current state of play in epistemology, in the form of twelve new essays by some of the philosophers who have most influenced the course of debates in recent years. Topics include epistemic justification, solipsism, skepticism, and modal, moral, naturalistic, and probabilistic epistemology. Such approaches as reliabilism, evidentialism, infinitism, and virtue epistemology are here developed further by the philosophers who pioneered them.