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ScholarWorks > HHS > OT > OJOT > Vol. 14 > Iss. 3 (2026)

 

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Nicole Karabas, OTD, OTR/L; Lydia Royeen, Ph.D., OTR/L; Bridget Hahn, OTD, OTR/L

Abstract

As the older adult population in the United States continues to grow rapidly, the health care system faces increasing challenges in meeting their complex needs. A proactive, rather than reactive, approach to health care is necessary to support older adults in maintaining function and well-being. The Age-Friendly Health Systems 4Ms Framework; What Matters, Medication, Mentation, and Mobility, provides an evidence-based model for optimizing care across settings. Occupational therapists are uniquely positioned to implement the 4Ms framework because of their holistic and client-centered approach to evaluation and intervention.

By addressing "What Matters," occupational therapists  align care with individual goals and daily activities, promoting adherence to treatment plans and improved functional outcomes. Occupational therapists contribute to "Medication" management by assessing cognitive and physical barriers to adherence and developing strategies for self-management. In addressing "Mentation," Occupational therapists evaluate and intervene in cognitive, emotional, and psychosocial challenges affecting daily function. Lastly, occupational therapists enhance "Mobility" by ensuring safe and effective movement within meaningful contexts.

This paper presents an opinion for the integration of the 4Ms framework into OT practice in primary care and beyond, demonstrating its potential to enhance health outcomes, reduce health care disparities, and support aging in place.

Comments

The authors declare that they have no competing financial, professional, or personal interest that might have influenced the performance or presentation of the work described in this manuscript.

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